Last revised 8 January 2026.
Everything here is written from experience with particular tanks in particular water. Your water, your light and your livestock differ. Nothing on this site is a guarantee of a result, and a recommendation that works in soft water may be actively wrong in hard.
We write about plants. Where fish and shrimp appear it is in the context of the planted environment, not their health. For a sick animal, consult a veterinarian — there is no responsible way to diagnose one from a photograph, and we will decline to try.
Fertilisers, liquid carbon, CO2 cylinders and electrical equipment in and around water all carry real risks. Follow the manufacturer's instructions over anything written here, particularly on dosing and on pressurised gas.
Aquarium societies, clubs and non-commercial newsletters may reprint whole articles with attribution and a link, without asking. Quoting a paragraph with a link is fine anywhere. Republishing commercially, or training a model on the archive wholesale, is not permitted.
Photographs in reader tank features belong to the aquarists who took them and are published here by their permission only. They may not be reproduced elsewhere, including by us, without asking the owner.
No affiliate links, no sponsored content, no payment for a mention, ever. If that changes it will be declared at the top of every affected page, and it will not change.
Errors get corrected in place with a dated note. If you find one, please write in.
These terms are governed by the laws of Singapore.